This paper contains an overview of Pre-Columbian music research between 1880 and 1920. Figures and the interdisciplinary direction of the research movement are discussed in detail. Many of these early studies remain ignored, which is a concern for music historiography.

Proceedings from the British Archaeological Association contain music studies from 150 years ago. Lawson raises a historiographical concern for these early discussions, as many of the authors are forgotten.

This fragment of the Babylonian Etana legend was first published in this brief paper by Morris Jastrow. The fragment is presented here in transliteration and translation along with the able textual commentary of an acknowledged leader among philologists. Following the presentation of the text, Jastrow also offers an interpretation of the text, suggesting where within the Etana legend the fragment fits. Line drawings and photographs of this singular fragment accompany the text of the article. Also included in this volume is a brief piece by Friedrich Delitzsch on Neo-Babylonian contract tablets.

Christianity reached China in its Syriac guise in the seventh century. Christian documents written in Chinese which have come down to us from the period of the Tang Dynasty contain a large number of proper names which are, or appear to be, transcriptions of Syriac names. In this paper, originally published in Malphono w-Rabo d-Malphone: Studies in Honor of Sebastian P. Brock, the author provides a list of the transcribed proper names with their modern and reconstructed Middle Chinese pronunciations, together with the suggestions made by scholars in the past for the original forms of these names.

Prof. Elmer offers an analysis of the use of coordinating conjunctions in Latin of the middle Republic – que, atque, and et.

David Robinson, the first to excavate the ancient city of Olynthos, presents his first report on the site and his excavations.

The third of Carl Blegen's reports on the excavation of Troy for the American Journal of Archeology concentrating on a large house continuously occupied in some capacity from Troy I – VII.

This is the site report for a series of tombs in Cyprus dating from the Late Cypriot III period, and includes a wealth of information about the burial customs, tomb-shafts, and goods of entire Cypriot tombs.

This paper reviews these competing theories of the definition of 'Gothic' and the way in which this style developed, presenting an overview of the difficulties involved in assigning a single name to a developing form of human expression

Benjamin Meritt, renowned scholar of Greek epigraphy, provides transcription, text, and commentary on the surviving lists of tribute paid to Athens under the Delian league.

In this paper John Bonnel argues that the representation of the serpent in Eden as having a human head originated in the mystery plays of the 13th century, where the serpent was played by an actor and had a head.

Arthur Frothingham, one of the founding fathers of Art History, here discusses the origins of Hermes, and suggests that the prototype of Hermes was an Eastern deity of Babylonian extraction.

Rufus B. Richardson, the director of the American School of Classical Studies in Athens at the time of this paper, publishes the discovery of the fountain of Pirene in Corinth.

A. L. Frothingham, one of the founding fathers of Art History as a discipline, answers the question “What is Art?”

This site report presents a Mycenean palace found at Nippur (a city in the heart of ancient Babylon) with a floor-plan and style similar to the palace at Tiryns.

In this paper noted librarian, scholar, and philanthropist William Warner Bishop examines and classifies the existing church mosaics of Rome and the immediate vicinity.

Originally delivered as one of the Jowett Lectures for 1906, the contents of this booklet emerged during the first quest for the historical Jesus. Somewhat surprisingly, Burkitt discovered that historical criticism increased the historical credibility of the Synoptic Gospels in his estimation. This fifth lecture in the series examines the concept of gospel in Matthew and Luke. Burkitt notes the special emphases and concerns of these two Gospel writers, calling attention to how they differ from each other and also from Mark.

Originally delivered as one of the Jowett Lectures for 1906, the contents of this booklet emerged during the first quest for the historical Jesus. Somewhat surprisingly, Burkitt discovered that historical criticism increased the historical credibility of the Synoptic Gospels in his estimation. This seventh lecture in the series traces the origin of the authoritative four-fold Gospels to about 150 of the Common Era when they are amply attested together. Positing a three-stage evolution to the canonical Gospels, Burkitt notes that other Gospels did not measure up to the same standard.

Originally delivered as one of the Jowett Lectures for 1906, the contents of this booklet emerged during the first quest for the historical Jesus. Somewhat surprisingly, Burkitt discovered that historical criticism increased the historical credibility of the Synoptic Gospels in his estimation. This third lecture in the series addresses the composition and literary characteristics of the Gospels of Matthew and Luke.

The eminent Italian scholar of eastern Christianity Ignazio Guidi (1844-1935) here presents a critical edition of the Statutes of the School of Nisibis, prefaced by a historical and textual introduction.

Professor Lepsiuis’ created the standard alphabet for reducing unwritten languages and foreign graphic systems to a uniform orthography in European letters. The validity and strength of this alphabet is tested by Whitney and the American Oriental Society.

Jastrow addresses how the final codification of the laws of Hammurapi evolved and which process the Babylonians used to get there. The Code of Hammurapi was subject to constant adjustments, providing that conditions constantly changed and new situations arose.

Bhartrharinirveda of Harihara is a play that glorifies the Yoga philosophy, which teaches that the summum bonuzz is the discrimination and separation of soul from matter, thus leading through renunciation of the world to isolation of the ego.

This volume reproduces translations of Aphrahat’s 2nd and 7th Demonstrations into English. The texts cover themes including Law and Gospel, salvation history, commandments to love and forgive, repentance, Jesus as physician, and pastoral care.

In this volume, Moss gives an introduction, edition, and annotated translation of an important poem (in the seven-syllable meter) from Isaac of Antioch on the Huns’ attack on Constantinople in the 440s.